The date is a very beneficial fruit whose plant is 15 to 25 meters high. Unfortunately, no one has any specific information about the origin of date plants. Still, Arab and African countries are said to be the primary producers of date plants, which is the only way to export dates worldwide. It is also considered to be the oldest tree on earth. Many types of properties are found in dates, which reduce the risk of diseases related to blood pressure, heart, cancer in humans, stomach and bones in humans. Apart from eating dates, many types of things like juices, jams, chutneys, pickles and bakery products are included in its fruits. Also, a power weeder is used before weeding and others.
From its dried fruits, date dates and dry fruits are made into date palms. Iran is said to be the most crucial date-producing country in the world, but at present, it is being cultivated according to the climate in some states of India using high technologies.
Soil, Climate & Temperature
For date palm production, sandy soil with proper drainage is required. Its cultivation cannot be done on rugged land. Its cultivation is between 7 to 8 P.H. Requires valuable land, and date palm is a dry climate plant. Therefore, its plants do not need much rain. Its cultivation can be done quickly in desert areas. Plants grow well in bright sunlight. Its cultivation cannot be done in cold regions. Its plants require a temperature of 30 degrees to increase well, and it needs a temperature of 45 degrees during the ripening of fruits. Moreover, Cultivator and other implements are used to cultivate the land.
Field Preparation
For date palm cultivation, sandy and friable soil are required. Therefore, before planting date palm, its field should be well prepared. First, the area’s ground should be deeply ploughed with turning ploughs.
- Leave the field open for some time.
- After this, do two to three ploughings in the area through the cultivator. This will make the soil of the field completely friable.
- After the ground of the field becomes friable, put a pat in it and get it started, due to which the soil of the parcel will be level, and there will be no water logging problem in the field.
After this, keeping a distance of one meter in the field, the diameter pits are prepared. In these pits, 25 to 30 kg of old manure cow dung is mixed well in the soil. Apart from this, appropriate amounts of phorate or captan should also be given as manure. After presenting the amount of fertiliser and waste, the pits are rinsed, and the cavities are prepared one month before transplanting. In the form of chemical fertiliser, four kg of urea has to be given twice a year based on per acre.
Transplanting Method
It is better to transplant date palm seeds as plants, so they take little time to prepare. Therefore, its plants should be bought from a government-registered nursery. The government also gives up to 70% of plants purchased from government nurseries. Date palm plants are planted in prepared pits. There is a distance of 6 to 8 meters between these pits. Planting is done by preparing a small cavity in the middle of these pits.
Irrigation
Date palm plants require very little irrigation. For example, in the summer season, they should be given water for 15 to 20 days, while in the winter season, their plants need irrigation only once a month.
Weed Control
Date palm plants are planted at a distance of 6 meters, so 5 to 6 hoeing is required in its field. In addition, weeding methods should be used for weed control in its area. Plants grow well due to weed control, and fruit production is also good.
Harvesting
The date palm plant is ready to give yield after 3 years of transplanting. When its fruits are ripe, they should be harvested in three stages. In the first stage fresh and ripe fruits are gathered in the first stage, and soft fruits are harvested in the second stage. And in the last step, it is harvested when the fruits are dried, which are used for making dates. you can use the combine harvester for harvesting.
Cultivation of date palms requires less expenditure. It is one plant that yields 70 to 100 KG when it is fully ready after five years. About 70 saplings are planted in one acre of field, from which a yield of 5,000 KG can be obtained from its one-time crop. The market price of dates is excellent, due to which farmer brothers can easily earn two to three lakhs in 5 years.
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